Peru


This country page describes, in brief, data that TJET has compiled on regime transitions, intrastate conflict episodes, and transitional justice mechanisms. For details on the data included on this page, view the FAQ.

For Peru, TJET has collected information on: ten amnesties between 1970 and 2010; 92 domestic trials starting between 1979 and 2019; one reparations policy created in 2005; one truth commission mandated in 2001; and one vetting policy starting in 1991.

Select any transitional justice mechanism in the table below to view a timeline in the figure.


Country Background

Democratic Transition

Based on well-known democracy data, TJET records two democratic transitions starting in 1978 and 2000.

Data up to 2020. Hover over column labels for definitions.

Violent Conflict

Based on the Uppsala Conflict Data Program, TJET records three violent intrastate conflict episodes between 1982 and 2010 (during 22 calendar years), involving two distinct armed opposition groups fighting against the government.

Data up to 2020. Hover over column labels for definitions. Source: UCDP Dyadic Dataset version 23.1, https://ucdp.uu.se/downloads/index.html#dyadic.


Transitional Justice Data

As of 2020, Peru ranks 93rd out of 174 on TJET’s legacy of violence index. For a full list of country rankings over time, view the index page, and for an explanation of the index, view the Methods & FAQs page.


Amnesties

Peru had ten amnesties between 1970 and 2010. Three occurred in the context of democratic transition. Two were passed during ongoing internal armed conflict. Three were passed after internal armed conflict. Four amnesties released political prisoners. Four amnesties forgave human rights violations.

Data up to 2020. Hover over column labels for definitions.


Domestic Trials

TJET has compiled data on 92 domestic prosecutions between 1979 and 2020. These include 21 transitional human rights prosecutions of state agents, in which 55 persons were convicted; 41 regular human rights prosecutions of state agents, in which 61 persons were convicted; 39 intrastate conflict prosecutions of state agents, in which 83 persons were convicted; four intrastate conflict prosecutions of opposition members, in which six persons were convicted; and one opposition prosecution of state agents or opposition members, in which three persons were convicted. In twelve trials that involved high-ranking state agents, 19 persons were convicted.

Click on accused records for data on convictions. Data up to 2020. Hover over column labels for definitions.


Reparations Policies

Peru implemented one reparations policy, starting in 2007. According to available information, there was a total of 232841 individual beneficiaries. One reparations policy provided collective benefits.

Data up to 2020. Hover over column labels for definitions.


Truth Commissions

Peru mandated one truth commission in 2001. The commission completed its operations in 2003. The commission issued a final report, which is publicly available. The report included recommendations for prosecutions, reparations, and institutional reforms.

Data up to 2020. Hover over column labels for definitions.


Vetting Policies

Peru had one vetting policy in 1991.

Data up to 2020. Hover over column labels for definitions.


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